Like physicians, veterinarians can specialize in fields such as surgery, dermatology, and internal medicine. One such specialty is laboratory animal medicine, overseen by the American College of Laboratory Animal Medicine since 1957.

Becoming board-certified requires extensive training: a college degree, four years of veterinary school, and a residency in laboratory animal medicine—at least 10 years of post-high school education—plus completion of original research to qualify for the certification exam.

During residency, veterinarians develop expertise in all aspects of laboratory animal care including: Occupational health and safety for staff Facility design (lighting, HVAC, species-specific needs) Laws and regulations by species Staff training and certifications Biosafety levels and agent classifications Which species is best for which study.

And that doesn’t even include the actual animal care knowledge. Laboratory animal specialists must know everything from zebrafish, to rodents, to pigs, to monkeys and even woodchucks! These specialists serve to not only care for the animals, but also provide guidance in study design. Veterinarians often also work closely with human physicians with animals on their studies.

Just like pets, animals involved in medical studies receive regular veterinary care—but with even greater oversight and frequency. Their health and well-being are continuously monitored, and care standards are strictly enforced. In fact, these animals often receive more consistent medical attention than many pets, as decisions about their care are not limited by cost or owner preference. They also do not have to battle insurance companies or wait weeks for doctor appointments like us humans do. By law, veterinarians are required to advocate for the animals in their care before, during and after they are enrolled in study. Research facilities and scientists must follow strict regulations to ensure animals receive appropriate monitoring, treatment, diagnostics, and pain management at all times.